目录

runtime——运行时简单使用

运行时总结

什么是runtime?

  1. runtime是一套底层的C语言API(包含很多强大实用的C语言数据类型、C语言函数)
  2. 实际上,平时我们编写的OC代码,底层都是基于runtime实现的

也就是说,平时我们编写的OC代码,最终都是转成了底层的runtime代码(C语言代码)

runtime有什么作用?

  1. 能动态产生一个类、一个成员变量、一个方法
  2. 能动态修改一个类、一个成员变量、一个方法
  3. 能动态删除一个类、一个成员变量、一个方法
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
//常见的函数、头文件
#import <objc/runtime.h> : //成员变量、类、方法
Ivar * class_copyIvarList : //获得某个类内部的所有成员变量
Method * class_copyMethodList : //获得某个类内部的所有方法
Method class_getInstanceMethod : //获得某个实例方法(对象方法,减号-开头)
Method class_getClassMethod : //获得某个类方法(加号+开头)
method_exchangeImplementations : //交换2个方法的具体实现

#import <objc/message.h> : //消息机制
objc_msgSend(.)

运行时获取成员变量

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import <objc/message.h>

#import <objc/objc-runtime.h>

// 基于运行时,就可以不用
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)encoder
{
    // Ivar : 成员变量
    unsigned int count = 0;
    // 取得所有的成员变量
    Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([AKPerson class], &count);
    for (int i = 0; i<count; i++) {
        // 取得i位置的成员变量
        Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
        const char *name = ivar_getName(ivar);
        NSString *key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];
    [encoder encodeObject:[self valueForKeyPath:key] forKey:key];
    }
}

id LenderClass = objc_getClass("ViewController");
    unsigned int outCount, i;
    objc_property_t *properties = class_copyPropertyList(LenderClass, &outCount);
    for (i = 0; i < outCount; i++) {
        objc_property_t propertie = properties[i];

        // property_getAttributes 函数将返回属性(Property)的名字,@encode 编码,以及其它特 征(Attribute)
        NSLog(@"类属性的名字%s---类属性的属性:%s",property_getName(propertie),property_getAttributes(propertie));

    }

运行时交换两个函数的实现

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
  
#import <objc/runtime.h>

@implementation NSObject(Extension)
+ (void)swizzleClassMethod:(Class)class originSelector:(SEL)originSelector otherSelector:(SEL)otherSelector
{
    Method otherMehtod = class_getClassMethod(class, otherSelector);
    Method originMehtod = class_getClassMethod(class, originSelector);
    // 交换2个方法的实现
    method_exchangeImplementations(otherMehtod, originMehtod);
}

+ (void)swizzleInstanceMethod:(Class)class originSelector:(SEL)originSelector otherSelector:(SEL)otherSelector
{
    Method otherMehtod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, otherSelector);
    Method originMehtod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, originSelector);
    // 交换2个方法的实现
    method_exchangeImplementations(otherMehtod, originMehtod);
}
@end

@implementation NSArray(Extension)
+ (void)load
{
    [self swizzleInstanceMethod:NSClassFromString(@"__NSArrayI") originSelector:@selector(objectAtIndex:) otherSelector:@selector(ak_objectAtIndex:)];
}

- (id)ak_objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
    if (index < self.count)
    {
        return [self ak_objectAtIndex:index];
    }
    else
    {
        return nil;
    }
}

@end

@implementation NSMutableArray(Extension)
+ (void)load
{
    [self swizzleInstanceMethod:NSClassFromString(@"__NSArrayM") originSelector:@selector(addObject:) otherSelector:@selector(ak_addObject:)];
    [self swizzleInstanceMethod:NSClassFromString(@"__NSArrayM") originSelector:@selector(objectAtIndex:) otherSelector:@selector(ak_objectAtIndex:)];
}

- (void)ak_addObject:(id)object
{
    if (object != nil) {
        [self ak_addObject:object];
    }
}

- (id)ak_objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
    if (index < self.count) {
        return [self ak_objectAtIndex:index];
    } else {
        return nil;
    }
}
@end