运行时总结
什么是runtime?
- runtime是一套底层的C语言API(包含很多强大实用的C语言数据类型、C语言函数)
- 实际上,平时我们编写的OC代码,底层都是基于runtime实现的
也就是说,平时我们编写的OC代码,最终都是转成了底层的runtime代码(C语言代码)
runtime有什么作用?
- 能动态产生一个类、一个成员变量、一个方法
- 能动态修改一个类、一个成员变量、一个方法
- 能动态删除一个类、一个成员变量、一个方法
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//常见的函数、头文件
#import <objc/runtime.h> : //成员变量、类、方法
Ivar * class_copyIvarList : //获得某个类内部的所有成员变量
Method * class_copyMethodList : //获得某个类内部的所有方法
Method class_getInstanceMethod : //获得某个实例方法(对象方法,减号-开头)
Method class_getClassMethod : //获得某个类方法(加号+开头)
method_exchangeImplementations : //交换2个方法的具体实现
#import <objc/message.h> : //消息机制
objc_msgSend(….)
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运行时获取成员变量
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#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import <objc/message.h>
#import <objc/objc-runtime.h>
// 基于运行时,就可以不用
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)encoder
{
// Ivar : 成员变量
unsigned int count = 0;
// 取得所有的成员变量
Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([AKPerson class], &count);
for (int i = 0; i<count; i++) {
// 取得i位置的成员变量
Ivar ivar = ivars[i];
const char *name = ivar_getName(ivar);
NSString *key = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:name];
[encoder encodeObject:[self valueForKeyPath:key] forKey:key];
}
}
id LenderClass = objc_getClass("ViewController");
unsigned int outCount, i;
objc_property_t *properties = class_copyPropertyList(LenderClass, &outCount);
for (i = 0; i < outCount; i++) {
objc_property_t propertie = properties[i];
// property_getAttributes 函数将返回属性(Property)的名字,@encode 编码,以及其它特 征(Attribute)
NSLog(@"类属性的名字%s---类属性的属性:%s",property_getName(propertie),property_getAttributes(propertie));
}
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运行时交换两个函数的实现
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#import <objc/runtime.h>
@implementation NSObject(Extension)
+ (void)swizzleClassMethod:(Class)class originSelector:(SEL)originSelector otherSelector:(SEL)otherSelector
{
Method otherMehtod = class_getClassMethod(class, otherSelector);
Method originMehtod = class_getClassMethod(class, originSelector);
// 交换2个方法的实现
method_exchangeImplementations(otherMehtod, originMehtod);
}
+ (void)swizzleInstanceMethod:(Class)class originSelector:(SEL)originSelector otherSelector:(SEL)otherSelector
{
Method otherMehtod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, otherSelector);
Method originMehtod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, originSelector);
// 交换2个方法的实现
method_exchangeImplementations(otherMehtod, originMehtod);
}
@end
@implementation NSArray(Extension)
+ (void)load
{
[self swizzleInstanceMethod:NSClassFromString(@"__NSArrayI") originSelector:@selector(objectAtIndex:) otherSelector:@selector(ak_objectAtIndex:)];
}
- (id)ak_objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
if (index < self.count)
{
return [self ak_objectAtIndex:index];
}
else
{
return nil;
}
}
@end
@implementation NSMutableArray(Extension)
+ (void)load
{
[self swizzleInstanceMethod:NSClassFromString(@"__NSArrayM") originSelector:@selector(addObject:) otherSelector:@selector(ak_addObject:)];
[self swizzleInstanceMethod:NSClassFromString(@"__NSArrayM") originSelector:@selector(objectAtIndex:) otherSelector:@selector(ak_objectAtIndex:)];
}
- (void)ak_addObject:(id)object
{
if (object != nil) {
[self ak_addObject:object];
}
}
- (id)ak_objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index
{
if (index < self.count) {
return [self ak_objectAtIndex:index];
} else {
return nil;
}
}
@end
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